Of course, what is good has a lot to do with your personal tastes. Me, I'm a jazz fan so what I think is good may very well not be what you would like. (Its kinda odd that there seem to be more Jazz clubs in Paris than in any American city of comparable size.) Anyway, here are some places I like:
Le Petit Journal is a classic jazz joint. It has two locations but I favor the one in the Latin Quarter at 71, boulevard Saint-Michel. The program varies and you should consult there website. Their food is, to be honest, medicore at best, so its a place to go after dinner for some drinks.
Aux Trois Mailletz at 56 rue Galande in the 5th arr. is where I usually hang out. Its got a big deal nightclub going in the basement but the ground floor is a pleasant bar and eatery with a pinao player and various singers (one of whom is sometimes me). Like many places in Paris its open until dawn.
New Morning is another fabulous Jazz club at 7-9, rue des Petites Ecuries. Performers like Ella Figtzgerald and Chick Corea have played this place. Their website is here: http://www.newmorning.com/fr/accueil.asp
But okay, maybe that's not what you want and we aim to please so how about:
The Rex Club at 5, bd Poissonniere in the 9th arr. Techno & hard house. Here's their website: http://www.rexclub.com/rex.html
La Scala at 188 bis rue de Rivoli in the 1st is gigantic. Its website states their music is "Funky to Happy Dance, from Deep House to R&B and New Jack" Check it out yourself: http://www.lascalaparis.com/lascala-english.html
The Lizard Lounge at 18 rue du Bourg-Tibourg in the 4th. A DJ in the basement spins records until the sun comes up.